Which item is not one of Kotter's eight steps for leading culture change?

• A. Create urgency
• B. Develop vision/strategy
• C. Empower broad-based action
• D. Measure and reward performance

Answer: (D)

Kotter's eight-step model for leading culture change focuses on mobilizing people around a change, shaping a clear vision, and embedding new behaviors into the organization. The steps include creating a sense of urgency, developing a vision and strategy, and empowering broad-based action, among others. The item about measuring and rewarding performance isn’t part of those eight steps; it falls more under performance management and incentives rather than the specific sequence Kotter recommends for driving culture change. So, the option describing measuring and rewarding performance is not one of Kotter's steps.